What A Background Check May Not Show About Your CNA

Amanda has had a caregiver for nearly two years. Finding the right person is extremely difficult. First you need to determine whether you are hiring the person directly or using an agency. 

The ideal situation is to hire someone you know or someone who has been referred by a friend or neighbor. It isn't always possible. If you use an agency you will have a stranger in your home. I've been fascinated (appalled?) by the stories some of caregivers provided by agencies have shared with me.

All of the caregivers we've had have passed a mandatory background check so you'd think their pasts and personal lives would be free and clear. Think again.

Laws vary on checking criminal history depending on your state. Some states don't allow questions about arrests or convictions beyond a certain point in the past. Others only allow consideration of criminal history for certain positions.

Most states allow a check for felony convictions in the past three years. A felony is a crime which carries a jail term of more than 12 months. So, a clear background check only confirms that the person hasn't been convicted of something like assault resulting in injury or with a weapon, a theft of over $500, sale of illegal drugs or rape.

Here's the catch.  The words felony and conviction. People can plea bargain a felony charge down to a misdemeanor in exchange for cooperating with the authorities. 

How do I know this? A caregiver told me that she had been to jail for selling drugs and carrying a concealed weapon, but the charges had been reduced because she had provided information about other dealers. 

There is also the issue of associates. One caregiver complained to me about how hard it was for her and her boyfriend to find a place to live. Why? Because he was convicted of statutory rape and had restrictions about living within certain distances of schools, parks, etc.  

Another caregiver told me that she had lost custody of her own children in her divorce because she was living with a convicted sex offender. 

Others told me about minor arrest records for offenses like driving under the influence of alcohol. Traffic violations often show up on a background check as they are public information. The agency knew about these but didn't disclose the information to me. This is critical as aides may need to transport Amanda to doctors and therapist appointments. What if one of them had been driving drunk with Amanda in the car?

In addition to potentially dangerous situations I've had many aides who just have a terrible work ethic. I've had aides show up late,  fall asleep on the couch during the day, bring their kids and their pets -- one even took a shower while she was supposed to be caring for my daughter. I've had aides ask to take home my extra set of dishes, buy them expensive gifts or order takeout food for them. I've had caregivers spend hours on their phones or IPads; others who have refused to do parts of the job like getting Amanda off the bus if it was cold or raining.

Check out these general guidelines from MSN HealthyLiving. 

"Keep in mind that aides are employees; don't try to make them your friends. "People are so happy to have help that they often treat the employee like a friend, and that creates problems down the line," says Dollar. If your employee thinks of herself as your pal, she may be more likely to take liberties... The bottom line: keep it professional."  

A personal assistant or caregiver is a difficult position to fill because it doesn't pay much better than minimum wage jobs. Sadly, these are the working poor.  Many are living hand to mouth. Even though they are working they are often on food stamps and other forms of public assistance. I give them credit for working and trying to support themselves and their families. I often feel very bad for their personal circumstances. 

On the other hand, their poor decision making skills make me uncomfortable having them in my home caring for my disabled child. Amanda can't speak.  If someone steals something, shows up drunk or mistreats her there is no way she can tell me. 

I don't know the secret to finding a good caregiver, but I've certainly had plenty of experience with bad caregivers!

Preparing Your Home for a Home Health Care Provider

Preparing Your Home for a  Home Health Care Provider

When you decide to employ a home health aide there are a number of changes that you need to consider - both in your home and in your lifestyle. What will it be like having another person in your home for hours or even days at a time? If you are a private person it may feel like an invasion. On the other hand, for some folks its welcome companionship - someone they can rely on to visit  daily.

You need to make your home as safe as possible for both your family member and their caregiver. Remove objects that may be easily broken. Prevent tripping by removing small rugs, runners, electrical and phone cords from pathways. Place non-skid adhesive strips to non-carpeted stairs. Make sure that your home is well lit - especially stairs and hallways.

You may need to purchase items that you don't already have. Things you should have include, but aren't limited to:

• smoke detectors
• carbon monoxide detector
• nonslip bath rugs
• nonslip stickers or mat in the bathtub or shower
• grab bars by the toilet and in the shower/tub
• flame resistant potholders
• fire extinguisher

Having help when you have a family member with a disability can be a blessing. Another set of hands to help with care giving and household tasks can seem like a dream come true at first.

However, anyone who has employed a home care worker knows that the honeymoon period wears off.  My initial reaction was to treat the person like a member of the family while they were in our home.  I did this in part because I saw my parents struggle with the aides who cared from my mother.

My parents were very private people. They were brought up in a different era. The combination of these factors meant that they didn't want their live in aide dining with them. There was one fundamental problem with this idea- they only had one table. There was no where to sit and eat in the kitchen. Those poor women had to stand in the kitchen to eat their meals.

My parents wanted their aide to be "on call" but essentially out of sight. That meant that they were relegated to spending large parts of the day in their room or on the back deck, waiting for my parents to page them. Being a home health aide is a difficult, physically demanding job. The pay is poor and there are often no benefits. Adding social isolation must have made the job so much harder.

My mother was a little confused toward the end and some of her aides took advantage of her. While I was visiting one afternoon I saw her "tip" the aide five dollars three times for filing her nails that day. After my mom passed way small pieces of jewelry and other items were missing. I think that if my parents had been even a little more tolerant these small abuses might never have occurred.

On the other hand, I've learned that without some boundaries people may also take advantage of your good-nature. My daughter's aide is generally included in everything we do. She eats with us, hangs out in the living room and watches TV with us, etc .

In the past I've been so casual that people forgot they worked for us. Some have wanted to watch graphic crimes dramas with my daughter in the room. I didn't realize that one woman was using my laptop for online shopping until I went to several websites and the "Your Store" zip was set to her town. We've had aides show up with their children and their dogs.  One showed up before a job interview so she could use our shower!

In addition to making sure your aide knows what you want done, be clear about what NOT to do as well. While I don't want to create a feeling of distrust I do want to maintain a semblance of privacy in my home.  Some of these suggestions may make you feel ridiculous, but consider the alternatives. Be specific about any areas that are for family-only. I would rather hang a sign on my door than find someone up to their elbows in my underwear drawer. Let the person know if they are welcome to watch your TV (and what shows you would prefer they not watch), use your computer, etc. Here are a few tips based on my experience:

• If you don't want your aide to pry into your bedroom, master bathroom or office, you need to clearly post a "PRIVATE" sign on the door.
• Password protect your computers and cell phones. Lock file cabinets. Consider blocking unwanted content on your TV.
• Label dresser drawers, kitchen cabinets, etc. to prevent "I was just looking for..." If everyone knows where to find necessary items there is no reason to look elsewhere. Most people will respect your privacy, but there is always one person that wants to go through your pantry or medicine cabinet.
• If you have cherished heirlooms or valuables, move them out of sight or store them safely somewhere else. A spilled drink can accidentally ruin an antique table that looks "second hand"to an aide.

Be sure to interview any person or agency carefully before you hire them!



For more information on home safety for the elderly or individuals with special needs please go to http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/fcs/pdfs/FCS-461.pdf